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Navarro, P. & Haag, L. (2024). Pursuing sustained competitive advantage through the use of process management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 15(6), 1290-1315
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Pursuing sustained competitive advantage through the use of process management
2024 (English)In: International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, ISSN 2040-4166, E-ISSN 2040-4174, Vol. 15, no 6, p. 1290-1315Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The purpose of this paper is to explore how process management (PM) can support small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in pursuing sustained competitive advantage. For this purpose, a dynamic capabilities (DC) lens was used.Design/methodology/approachA narrative literature review and a multiple case study with an action research approach at two road freight transport companies were used.FindingsPM provides structure and system thinking to support the development of competitive advantage. Concerning PM, management of knowledge, management style and process orientation are key factors for the generation of competitive advantage for SMEs.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to PM literature by studying its support for and implementation at SMEs. Furthermore, the study contributes to the literature on DC by providing concrete examples of activities linked to such capabilities.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to practitioners by providing examples of implementing PM and identifying competitive advantage, connected with PM elements.Social implicationsThis study has social and environmental implications for the quality of life of the Swedish people.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to clarifying the connection between the research fields of quality management and DC to explore how PM can support SMEs in pursuing sustained competitive advantage.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD, 2024
Keywords
Process management; Dynamic capabilities; Competitive advantage; SME; Road freight transport; Societal satisfaction
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-204322 (URN)10.1108/IJLSS-12-2023-0219 (DOI)001229630200001 ()2-s2.0-85193974853 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding Agencies|Kamprad Family Foundation for Entrepreneurship, Research Charity

Available from: 2024-06-11 Created: 2024-06-11 Last updated: 2025-01-16Bibliographically approved
Navarro, P. (2023). THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN SMEs. (Doctoral dissertation). Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN SMEs
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Literature indicates a greater use of process management in large companies than in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs are a major contributor to the global economy, and just like large companies, SMEs face challenges such as a need to respond promptly and effectively to their business environment, despite having limited resources.  

Practitioners and researchers within process management refer to a trade-off between the operative support that process management provides and the strategic ability of organisations to be flexible in response to their environment and customer requests. The strategic role of process management has not been highlighted in depth in the literature. Hence, the use of process management and its strategic role in SMEs is a research gap which needs to be investigated. This research should include approaches to process management that support the fulfilment of strategic goals without compromising flexibility.  

The purpose of this dissertation is to enhance the understanding of the strategic role of process management in SMEs. To address this purpose, two research questions were designed. The first research question explores how the fundamentals of process management contribute to the understanding of the strategic role of process management. The second research question explores and analyses the conditions of SMEs and suggests how process management could be adapted to be used in SMEs.  

This dissertation includes a longitudinal study, with an action research approach, conducted at two companies. This approach provided a deep understanding of the companies and a strong connection between research and managerial usefulness.  

The results of the dissertation suggest a need for a contingent approach to process management where the activities that lead to competitive advantage are identified. This identification, together with a connection to the strategic goals of the organisations can then be the basis for determining the need for process development of the organisation. In this way, process management efforts can be focused on processes that lead the organisations to gain competitive advantage. Hence, with the connection to competitive advantage, the strategic goals of the organisations and the continuous improvement principle of process management enhance the understanding of the strategic role of process management.  

The contribution of this dissertation is primarily in the field of process management, by providing results and analyses that support its strategic relevancy in general and specifically for SMEs. A dynamic capabilities lens has been used to enhance the connection between competitive advantage and the strategic role of process management. This dissertation also contributes to research into dynamic capabilities, by providing concrete examples of the interpretation of dynamic capabilities and a connection between dynamic capabilities and a managerial approach such as process management. The context of this dissertation includes environmental sustainability as a societal need to be addressed by the road freight transport (RFT) business sector, constituted mostly by SMEs. RFT companies, in particular SMEs, have limited resources and simultaneously need to be responsive to various and challenging customer demands. The use of this context enabled the inclusion of examples and analysis with a managerial contribution for, but not limited to, RFTs. 

Abstract [sv]

Enligt litteraturen används processledning i större utsträckning av stora företag än små och medelstora företag (SME). En stor del av den globala ekonomin upprätthålls av SME:er. Dessa företag står inför utmaningar såsom att ta vara på möjligheter och reagera snabbt och effektivt på förändringar i omgivningen, samtidigt som de har begränsade resurser.   

Praktiker och forskare inom processledning hänvisar till avvägningen mellan det operativa stöd som processledning kan ge och organisationers strategiska förmåga att vara flexibla gentemot sin omgivning och kundernas önskemål. Processledningens strategiska roll har inte lyfts fram i litteraturen. Därför är användningen av processledning och dess strategiska roll i SME:er ett gap inom forskningen som behöver undersökas. Dessutom saknar litteraturen tillvägagångssätt för processledning som stödjer den strategiska måluppfyllelsen utan att kompromissa med flexibiliteten.    

Syftet med denna avhandling är att öka förståelsen för processlednings strategiska roll i SME:er. För att uppnå syftet utformades två forskningsfrågor. Med den första forskningsfrågan undersöks hur grunderna i processledning bidrar till förståelsen av dess strategiska roll. Med den andra forskningsfrågan undersöks och föreslås anpassningar som krävs för att processledning ska kunna användas inom SME:er.   

Avhandlingen baseras på en longitudinell studie genomförd tillsammans med två företag, som har utförts med en aktionsforskningsansats. Tillvägagångssättet gav en djup förståelse för företagen och en stark koppling mellan forskningens resultat och nyttan för verksamheten.   

Avhandlingens resultat visar på ett behov av ett mer situationsanpassat förhållningssätt till processledning där de aktiviteter som leder till konkurrensfördelar identifieras. Identifieringen, tillsammans med en koppling till organisationernas strategiska mål, kan sedan ligga till grund för att fastställa organisationens behov av processutveckling. På så sätt kan processledningsinsatser fokuseras på processer som leder till att organisationer får konkurrensfördelar. I sin tur medför kopplingen mellan konkurrensfördelar, organisationernas strategiska mål och principen om ständig förbättring inom processledning en ökad förståelse för processledningens strategiska roll.

Avhandlingens bidrag är främst inom området processledning, och visar processledningens strategiska betydelse generellt och för SME:er. Studien genomfördes med en teoretisk lins baserad på dynamiska förmågor för att förstärka kopplingen mellan konkurrensfördelar och processledningens strategiska roll. Därför bidrar avhandlingen också till forskningen inom dynamiska förmågor genom att exemplifiera tolkningen av dynamiska förmågor och genom att visa på kopplingar mellan dynamiska förmågor och ett ledningsförhållningssätt såsom processledning. Kontexten för den här avhandlingen inkluderar miljömässig hållbarhet som ett samhällsbehov för godstransportsektorn. Godstransportsektorn består till större delen av SME:er. Företagen i denna sektor har begränsade resurser och behöver vara responsiva gentemot sin omgivning. Användningen av den här kontexten möjliggjorde inkluderingen av exempel och analyser för ett praktiskt bidrag för, men inte begränsat till, godstransportsektorn.   

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. p. 123
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 2259
Keywords
Process management, Dynamic capabilities, Competitive advantage, SME, Environmental sustainability
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-198588 (URN)10.3384/9789179294960 (DOI)9789179294953 (ISBN)9789179294960 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-12-01, ACAS, A-buidling, Campus Valla, Linköping, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2023-10-19 Created: 2023-10-19 Last updated: 2023-10-24Bibliographically approved
Navarro, P., Haag, L., Wangwacharakul, P. & Martin, J. (2022). Closing The Gap Between Classroom And Reality Through Virtual Bridges. In: Maria Sigridur Gudjonsdottir, Haraldur Audunsson Arkaitz Manterola Donoso, Gudmundur Kristjansson Ingunn Saemundsdóttir, Joseph Timothy Foley, Marcel Kyas, Angkee Sripakagorn, Janne Roslöf, Jens Bennedsen, Kristina Edström, Natha Kuptasthien, Reidar Lyng (Ed.), 18th CDIO International Conference PROCEEDINGS – FULL PAPERS: . Paper presented at The 18th International CDIO Conference, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland, June 13 - 15, 2022 (pp. 929-940). Reykjavík, Iceland: Reykjavík University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Closing The Gap Between Classroom And Reality Through Virtual Bridges
2022 (English)In: 18th CDIO International Conference PROCEEDINGS – FULL PAPERS / [ed] Maria Sigridur Gudjonsdottir, Haraldur Audunsson Arkaitz Manterola Donoso, Gudmundur Kristjansson Ingunn Saemundsdóttir, Joseph Timothy Foley, Marcel Kyas, Angkee Sripakagorn, Janne Roslöf, Jens Bennedsen, Kristina Edström, Natha Kuptasthien, Reidar Lyng, Reykjavík, Iceland: Reykjavík University , 2022, p. 929-940Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Online guest lectures serve as an important learning activity for students to bridge the gap between the classroom and the reality of business and has become common during the Covid-19 pandemic. Such lectures enable students to better link theories and concepts to practice and can provide valuable network opportunities for students by facilitating contact with professionals in their field of studies. Online guest lecturing has also proven to have benefits for the course administration such as an easier allocation of guest lecturers and a more effective use of resources.

This paper is part of a pre-study for determining the opportunities and challenges that online guest lecturing can have for students of engineering and management programs at a master level. Specifically, the purpose of the pre-study is to explore how online guest lectures are perceived among students and course directors, and how they can be improved. The method used involves a narrative literature review and an empirical pre-study.

The results suggest that online guest lectures allow students to enhance their knowledge on the course contents and allow them to make more informed career choices. They also suggest that course directors use guest lectures as a means for inspiring and supporting the learning of the students. However, the results also suggest that students can adopt a more passive role in online guest lectures compared to face-to-face guest lectures. Learning in online guest lectures could be enhanced when connected to learning activities that support them, e.g., follow-up seminars, assignments, and reflection documents.

In terms of implications, this study presents course directors and students’ perceptions of online guest lectures, as well as presents improvement suggestions for course directors and guest lecturers when planning and performing guest lectures in university courses to enhance learning among students. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Reykjavík, Iceland: Reykjavík University, 2022
Series
Proceedings of the International CDIO Conference, ISSN 2002-1593
Keywords
Guest lecture, STEM, online education, e-guests, postgraduate, CDIO standard 7, CDIO standard 11
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-190410 (URN)2-s2.0-85145946516 (Scopus ID)9789935965561 (ISBN)
Conference
The 18th International CDIO Conference, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland, June 13 - 15, 2022
Available from: 2022-12-07 Created: 2022-12-07 Last updated: 2025-02-18Bibliographically approved
Navarro, P., Cronemyr, P., Huge-Brodin, M. & Sandberg, E. (2022). Dynamic Capabilities and Process Management: Synergies, Conflicts And Missing Relations.. In: EISIC 2022, Visby. Conference proceedings: . Paper presented at 25th EISIC (August, 25-26, 2022, Visby).
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dynamic Capabilities and Process Management: Synergies, Conflicts And Missing Relations.
2022 (English)In: EISIC 2022, Visby. Conference proceedings, 2022Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Purpose of the paper: To explore the relations between the process management methodology (PM) and the Dynamic Capabilities theory (DC) by identifying synergies, conflicts, and missing relations between them.Methodology: The paper is based on a systematic and two narrative literature reviews with a snowballing approach.Main Findings: In this paper we identify two types of relations between these two concepts: conceptual, in terms of principles and their definitions; and for support. Moreover, we identify conflicts for companies to strive for exploration and exploitation simultaneously, which might be required for some of the synergies between the concepts. In terms of support synergies, certain preconditions were found for the synergy to occur.Practical implications: A better understanding of the synergies between PM and DC and the identification of preconditions that enable the support of PM for DC and vice versa.Originality/value: PM and DC have been researched since the 80s. However, their relation under-researched and it might have potential for enhancing the flexibility of the methodology, allowing companies to rapidly adapt to changes and innovation.

National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210527 (URN)9791221015904 (ISBN)
Conference
25th EISIC (August, 25-26, 2022, Visby)
Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-17 Last updated: 2025-11-05
Navarro, P. (2019). Exploring Process Management as a Means for Greening Road Freight Transport. (Licentiate dissertation). Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Exploring Process Management as a Means for Greening Road Freight Transport
2019 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Processledning för grönare godstransporter
Abstract [en]

Research has proven that we need to reduce our environmental impact. Sweden has set a goal to become fossil free by 2045. The increasing amount of transport and the need to reduce its environmental effects has put pressure on the companies of the road freight transport sector. Therefore, this business sector needs research actions to find tools that will assist in the greening of its services and operations. My research is a contribution to these efforts from a managerial point of view.

Process management is a methodology taken from Total Quality Management (TQM) that has been used in several business sectors to improve business performance. Its process orientation and focus on customers allow companies to identify and satisfy the current and latent needs of their customers. Until now, TQM has targeted customer needs. However, it is experiencing a shift towards incorporating societal needs into the equation. Environmental sustainability is becoming a societal requirement for companies in all sectors. Hence, the purpose of my research is to explore the possibilities of using process management to support the greening of small and medium-sized companies within the road freight transport sector.

The frame of reference for my study is based on three well-established domains in academia and their intersections. These domains are: process management, road freight transport and environmental sustainability. I have used qualitative methods for my research. Specifically, I performed a case study at two medium-sized Swedish companies within the road freight transport business sector. The data collection methods involved document studies, observations and interviews at each case company. The case study was performed using an action research approach, which involved setting up meetings, seminars and workshops with each case company. Additionally, joint workshops were performed, which allowed me to observe and obtain results from the interactions between the companies. The analysis is presented for each case separately and then for their interactions. The results are compared with the existing literature from the three domains.

I based my research on three research questions. The first was intended to identify the principles and tools within process management that may be applied to road freight transport companies interested in implementing this methodology to enhance their environmental sustainability. I concluded that these principles were present in the companies and are needed for the implementation of process management. The tools included in this methodology can be associated with environmental initiatives performed by the companies in support of their greening.

The second research question refers to the benefits and challenges that companies in this business sector may face when implementing process management methodology. I conclude that most of the expected benefits of process management were confirmed. Additionally, a new benefit was observed: reducing the environmental effect of their services can interest current customers and attract new customers to road freight transport companies. The challenges identified during the case study include: resistance to change, lack of knowledge and resource allocation limitations. I also confirmed that a stepwise implementation of process management increases the likelihood of the success of the methodology. Hence, underdeveloped management systems are also a challenge when this methodology is used in freight transport companies.

The third and final research question involves the adaptations required for process management to enhance environmental sustainability in companies in this business sector. I refer to each of the challenges found and suggest certain requirements for the companies to apply this methodology. Clear communication from top management, the training of employees and the involvement of all employees are some of these requirements. Moreover, to incorporate the environmental aspects clearly, I suggest environmental efforts for each step in the implementation of process management. By including these efforts in the process maturity model, I conclude that road freight transport companies could use process management as a means of enhancing environmental sustainability.

Abstract [sv]

Forskning har visat att vi måste minska vår miljöpåverkan. Sverige har som målsättning att vara fossilfritt 2045. Den ökade mängden transporter och behovet av att sänka miljöpåverkan har en direkt påverkan på godstransportsföretag. Därför behövs forskningsåtgärder riktade mot dessa för att hitta verktyg som hjälper till att minska miljöpåverkan av dess verksamhet och tjänster. Min forskning är ett bidrag till dessa ansträngningar ur ett ledningsperspektiv.

Processledning är en metodik inom Total Quality Management (TQM) som har använts i flera branscher för att förbättra affärsresultat. Processorientering och fokus på kunderna gör att företag kan identifiera och tillfredsställa aktuella och latenta behov ifrån deras kunder. Fram tills idag så har TQM siktat in sig på kundbehov., men just nu pågår en förflyttning inom TQM mot att även inkludera samhällsbehov i ekvationen. Miljömässig hållbarhet håller på att bli ett samhälleligt krav för företag inom alla branscher. Därför är syftet med min forskning att utforska möjligheterna av att använda processledning som ett verktyg för att minska miljöpåverkan av små och medelstora företag inom godstransportbranschen.

Min studie baseras på tre väletablerade områden inom akademin och deras överlapp. Områdena är processledning, godstransporter och miljömässig hållbarhet. Jag har använt kvalitativa metoder för min forskning. Specifikt så genomfördes en fallstudie vid två medelstora svenska företag inom godstransportbranschen. Datainsamlingsmetoder som användes var dokumentstudier, observationer samt interjuver hos båda företagen. Fallstudien genomfördes med en aktionsforskningsapproach. Aktionsforskningen genomfördes som möten, seminarier och workshops hos varje företag. Dessutom genomfördes gemensamma workshops med företagen vilket gjorde det möjligt att observera och få resultat utifrån samspelet mellan företagen. Analysen presenteras för varje företag separat och därefter utifrån deras samspel, resultaten jämförs med existerande litteratur ifrån de tre områdena.

Min forskning utgår ifrån tre frågeställningar. Syftet med den första var att identifiera principerna och verktygen inom processledning som kan appliceras på godstransportföretag som är intresserade av att implementera metodiken för att öka sin miljömässiga hållbarhet. Jag drog slutsatsen att principerna från processledning fanns inom företagen och dom behövs för implementeringen av processledningen. Verktygen inom den här metodiken kan associeras med miljöinitiativ utförda av företagen och minska deras miljöpåverkan.

Den andra frågeställningen avser fördelarna samt utmaningarna som företag inom det här affärsområdet möter när de implementerar processledningsmetodiken. Min slutsats är att de flesta av de förväntade fördelarna med processledning bekräftas samt att ytterligare en ny fördel upptäcktes. En minskad miljöpåverkan av deras tjänster kan intressera nuvarande kunder och dra till sig nya. De identifierade utmaningarna från fallstudien inkluderar motstånd mot förändring, avsaknad av kunskap samt resursbegränsningar. Jag bekräftade även att en stegvis implementering av processledning ökar möjligheterna för att metodiken ska bli framgångsrik. Därför är också underutvecklade ledningssystem en utmaning för att kunna använda den här metodiken inom godstransportföretag.

Den tredje och sista frågeställningen berör de anpassningarna av processledning som krävs för att kunna öka miljömässig hållbarhet hos företag inom det här affärsområdet. Jag refererar till var och en av de utmaningar som hittades och föreslår vissa krav för företagen att applicera den här metodiken. Tydlig kommunikation ifrån ledningen, utbildning av anställda och involvering av alla medarbetare är några av dessa krav. Dessutom, för att integrera miljöaspekten tydligt, så föreslår jag miljöarbete för varje steg av implementeringen av processledning. Jag drar slutsatsen att godstransporföretag skulle kunna använda processledning som ett sätt att öka miljömässig hållbarhet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2019. p. 86
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Licentiate Thesis, ISSN 0280-7971 ; 1857
National Category
Environmental Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162027 (URN)10.3384/lic.diva-162027 (DOI)9789179299613 (ISBN)
Presentation
2019-11-28, ACAS, Building A, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-11-18 Created: 2019-11-18 Last updated: 2025-02-10Bibliographically approved
Navarro, P., Cronemyr, P. & Huge-Brodin, M. (2018). How to Implement Green Logistics– Using Improvement Processes for Increasing Environmental Initiatives in Freight Transport Companies. In: Excellence in Services, 21st International Conference, Paris, France.: . Paper presented at Excellence in Services, 21st International Conference, Paris, France..
Open this publication in new window or tab >>How to Implement Green Logistics– Using Improvement Processes for Increasing Environmental Initiatives in Freight Transport Companies
2018 (English)In: Excellence in Services, 21st International Conference, Paris, France., 2018Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities of using improvement systems based on process management for increasing environmental initiatives in freight transport companies.Methodology: The study was conducted by researchers from quality management and green logistics together with two Swedish freight companies, as a combination of case study and action research. Data were gathered through observations, interviews, document studies and workshops, over an eighteen-month period.Findings: The paper presents findings about how to implement improvement processes and the impact on environmental initiatives.Research implications: The study brings new knowledge about a previously under-researched topic; how to implement green logistics. Tools used for process management and improvements are applied in a novel context – the freight transport sector. Furthermore, the action-oriented approach proved to be pragmatic and effective.Practical implications: This paper contributes with findings on how to establish processes and implementing improvement systems in the freight transport sector. Additionally, the action research approach provides the opportunity to develop the business in cooperation with researchers.Originality: In this unique study, methods and tools from the quality management sector are applied to a new context – the freight transport sector – to improve the environmental sustainability.

National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210523 (URN)
Conference
Excellence in Services, 21st International Conference, Paris, France.
Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-17 Last updated: 2025-11-05
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-5727-7260

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