The development, acquisition, adaptation, and diffusion of ERP systems in organizations pose immense challenges. In order to meet these challenges, there is a need for a theoretical framework by which informed actions can be taken concerning ERP implementations. The purpose of this contribution is to investigate what insights can be achieved from basing such a framework on the construct of “activity” in Activity Theory. Activity is the social context framing meaningful actions directed to a work object. Since many different kinds of work objects appear in an organization, the organization can be regarded as a constellation of activities that need to be coordinated. This perspective provides an alternative way to investigate what kind of impacts ERP systems will have in organizations. In particular, the contradiction inherent in the meeting between the standardization aspirations of the ERP system and the idiosyncratic worldviews of activities can be analyzed.