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Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Informal Caregivers: Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9111-0891
Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Medical Internet Research, E-ISSN 1438-8871, Vol. 23, no 4Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Caregiving for a family member can result in reduced well-being for the caregiver. Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) may be one way to support this population. This is especially the case for caregivers in countries with limited resources, but high demand for psychological services.

Objective: In this study we evaluated the effects of a therapist-guided 8-week-long ICBT intervention for informal caregivers.

Methods: In total, 63 participants were recruited online and randomized either to the intervention or to the wait-list control group. The main study outcome was the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). Secondary outcomes included measures of caregiver depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life.

Results: Moderate between-group effect sizes were observed for the CBI measure, in favor of the intervention group, with a Cohen d=–0.70 for the intention-to-treat analysis. Analyses of the subscales of the CBI showed significant reductions on the subscales of Development and Physical Health. Moderate reductions were found for depression and anxiety scores as indicated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores. Large between-group effects were observed for reduction in stress and increase in quality of life as indicated by the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), The Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale (BBQ), and The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). In addition, participants experienced little to no difficulty in using the program and were mostly satisfied with the intervention’s platform and the choice of content.

Conclusions: This is the first internet intervention study for informal caregivers in Lithuania. The results suggest that therapist-guided ICBT can be effective in reducing caregiver burden, anxiety, depression, stress, and improving quality of life.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04052724; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04052724

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
JMIR Publications , 2021. Vol. 23, no 4
Keywords [en]
caregiver burden, informal caregivers, internet intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, eHealth, mHealth
National Category
Applied Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-174914DOI: 10.2196/21466ISI: 000637594200001PubMedID: 33825687OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-174914DiVA, id: diva2:1542765
Note

Funding: European UnionEuropean Commission [814072]; European Training Network on Informal Care (ENTWINE)

Available from: 2021-04-08 Created: 2021-04-08 Last updated: 2024-01-17Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Care for the Caregiver: Internet intervention for informal caregivers in Lithuania
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Care for the Caregiver: Internet intervention for informal caregivers in Lithuania
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Informal caregivers are individuals who provide care for significant others in need of support due to frailty or illness. Being able to support a family member can be a very rewarding but at the same time a demanding task. Consequently, informal caregivers are known to experience not only positive but also negative psychological health outcomes and should be offered appropriate support. The main goal of this thesis was to evaluate if Internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (ICBT) can be suited to provide Lithuanian informal caregivers with psychological support. In addition, a secondary aim was to collect information regarding Lithuanian informal caregiver characteristics, their experienced burden and support needs.

The results showed that Lithuanian informal caregivers experience unmet support needs and a high caregiver burden. The findings also show that ICBT can be an effective and acceptable support option for Lithuanian informal caregivers in reducing their burden, depression, anxiety, stress and increasing the perceived quality of life. In conclusion, ICBT should be considered a promising psychological support option for Lithuanian informal caregivers. Further research is needed to evaluate the suitability of ICBT in regular care.

Abstract [sv]

Informella vårdgivare är personer som tar hand om närstående som behöver stöd på grund av funktionsnedsättningar eller sjukdom. Att kunna stödja en närstående kan vara en givande men samtidigt krävande uppgift. Följaktligen är det känt att informella vårdgivare inte bara upplever positiva utan även negativa psykologiska hälsorisker och bör erbjudas lämpligt stöd. Huvudsyftet med denna avhandling var att utvärdera om internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (IKBT) kan vara ett lämpligt alternativ för att ge litauiska informella vårdgivare psykologiskt stöd. Dessutom var ett sekundärt mål att samla in information om litauiska informella vårdgivare, inklusive deras upplevda börda och behov av stöd.

Resultaten visade att litauiska informella vårdgivare har behov av stöd och en omfattande vårdgivarbörda. Resultaten visar också att ICBT kan vara ett effektivt och acceptabelt alternativ för litauiska informella vårdgivare för att minska deras börda, depression, ångest, stress samt öka den upplevda livskvaliteten. Sammanfattningsvis kan ICBT betraktas som ett lovande psykologiskt stödalternativ för litauiska informella vårdgivare. Ytterligare forskning krävs för att utvärdera om IKBT kan vara ett lämpligt alternativ i den reguljär vård.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. p. 79
Series
Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences, ISSN 0282-9800 ; 831Linköping Studies in Behavioural Science, ISSN 1654-2029 ; 239
Keywords
Informal caregivers, Cognitive behavioural therapy, Internet interventions, ICBT, Caregiver burden, Informella vårdgivare, Närståendebörda, Internetbaserad intervention, Kognitiv beteendeterapi, Internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi, IKBT, E-hälsa
National Category
Applied Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-182174 (URN)10.3384/9789179291877 (DOI)9789179291860 (ISBN)9789179291877 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-04-01, C3, C Building, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 814072
Available from: 2022-02-18 Created: 2022-01-17 Last updated: 2022-02-18Bibliographically approved

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Biliunaite, IevaAndersson, Gerhard

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