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Beyond Reporting Grades in Grade Talk: Narratives About Students’ Paths in Year Four
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education, Teaching and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8783-4467
Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, Department of Child Studies. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7420-0801
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education, Teaching and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.
2023 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, ISSN 0031-3831, E-ISSN 1470-1170, Vol. 67, no 3, p. 345-359Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this article, the assessment practice known as the “grade conference” is analysed using an interactionally oriented narrative approach. The aim is to explore the grade conference and what it entails for students when executed in their fourth year of compulsory school, as part of a trial of an educational reform where students receive grades from year four instead of year six. Two cases illustrate the way that students are positioned and ascribed different paths and prospects in and through stories located within the grade conference. Findings show that students are ascribed individual responsibilities and their positions as students are largely evaluated by individual characteristics in these stories. It is concluded that the grade conference is a practice that may influence the students’ views of their potential in school, as the narratives about their paths and prospects discursively make different routes more or less viable.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2023. Vol. 67, no 3, p. 345-359
Keywords [en]
Narrative, grade conference, positioning, assessment, school reform, Sweden, intermediate grades
National Category
Pedagogical Work
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-182197DOI: 10.1080/00313831.2021.2021438ISI: 000738526600001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-182197DiVA, id: diva2:1626240
Available from: 2022-01-11 Created: 2022-01-11 Last updated: 2025-12-22
In thesis
1. Elev då, nu och framåt: Bedömningsberättelser och elevperformativitet i betygs- och utvecklingssamtal
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Elev då, nu och framåt: Bedömningsberättelser och elevperformativitet i betygs- och utvecklingssamtal
2026 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Student then, now and forward : Assessment narratives and student performativity in development and grade dialogues
Abstract [sv]

Betygs- och utvecklingssamtal är återkommande inslag i skolgången och är centrala för såväl skolans styrning som elevers syn på sig själva och sin förmåga. I avhandlingen studeras betygs- och utvecklingssamtal med elever som får betyg i årskurs 4–6. Syftet är att bidra med kunskap om det elever, lärare och vårdnadshavare gör genom samtalen och belysa betydelser detta kan ha för elever och skolan. Fokus är att förstå hur betygs- och utvecklingssamtal formar elever i ett skolsystem präglat av performativ styrning. Frågeställningarna rör hur berättelser formas och används, hur elever positioneras, hur nationell bedömningspolicy och lokala villkor kommer till uttryck samt hur föreställningar om elever konstrueras och förhandlas i relation till skolans bredare uppdrag. Avhandlingen utgår från en interaktionsorienterad narrativ ansats med perspektiv på positionering, policygörande och performativitet. Empirin består av ljudinspelningar från betygs- och utvecklingssamtal från fem skolor och analyseras genom en positioneringsanalys. I avhandlingen ingår tre artiklar som visar hur deltagarna (I) formar narrativ om elevers framtidsutsikter, (II) förhandlar förväntningar om elevers muntliga aktivitet och (III) gör betyg till en emotionell angelägenhet. Resultaten diskuteras genom begreppen individualisering och temporalitet som synliggör hur elevers förmåga, ansvar och utveckling förstås, förhandlas och värderas över tid. För att fördjupa diskussionen introduceras begreppen elevperformativitet och bedömningsberättelser. Elevperformativitet synliggör hur elever förväntas framställa sig själva som ansvarstagande och strategiska i linje med skolans mål och ideal. Bedömningsberättelser synliggör hur samtalets deltagare i samspel med bedömningspolicy formar berättelser om elever och deras prestationer. Avhandlingen visar hur betygs- och utvecklingssamtal fungerar som styrningsmekanismer som kan stabilisera, utmana eller omförhandla bedömningsberättelser om elever, som därigenom kan forma hur elever ser på sin förmåga och sig själva i skolan.

Abstract [en]

Development and grade dialogues are recurring meetings, central for both educational governing and students’ perceptions of themselves and their abilities. This thesis examines development and grade dialogues with students who receive grades in Years 4–6. The aim is to contribute to knowledge about the actions of students, teachers and parents in these meetings and their implications for students and school. The focus is on how these dialogues shape students within a performativity-driven school system. The research questions address how narratives are formed, how students are positioned, how national assessment policies and local conditions interact, and how notions of students are constructed in relation to broader educational goals. The thesis uses an interaction-oriented narrative approach combined with perspectives on positioning, policy enactment and performativity. The data consists of audio recordings of development and grade dialogues in five schools, analysed through positioning analysis. The included articles show how participants (I) construct narratives about students’ paths, (II) negotiate expectations about students’ verbal participation and (III) construct grades as an emotional concern. The findings are discussed using the concepts of individualisation and temporality, illustrating how the students’ responsibility and progress are negotiated, understood and valued over time. The thesis also introduces the concepts of student performativity and assessment narratives. Student performativity refers to expectations for students to present themselves as responsible and strategic in line with school objectives. Assessment narratives demonstrate how participants, in interaction with assessment policies, form stories about students and their performance. The thesis demonstrates that development and grade dialogues function as mechanisms that can stabilise, challenge or negotiate assessment narratives, shaping how students understand themselves and their abilities in school. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2026. p. 171
Series
Linköping Studies in Behavioural Science, ISSN 1654-2029 ; 275
Keywords
Student, Positioning, Grade conference, Parent-teacher conference, Assessment reform, Narrative, Performativity, Policy enactment, Primary education, Compulsory school, Elev, Positionering, Betygssamtal, Utvecklingssamtal, Betygsreform, Narrativ, Performativitet, Policygörande, Mellanstadiet, Grundskola
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-220200 (URN)10.3384/9789181184181 (DOI)9789181184174 (ISBN)9789181184181 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-02-06, I:101, I-huset, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-12-22 Created: 2025-12-22 Last updated: 2025-12-22Bibliographically approved

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Löfgren, HåkanMarkström, Ann-Marie

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