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Modelling of the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth in a single crystal gas turbine blade alloy under service-like loading conditions
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Engineering Materials. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Solid Mechanics. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
Siemens Energy AB, Finspång, Sweden.
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2022 (English)In: International Journal of Fatigue, ISSN 0142-1123, E-ISSN 1879-3452, Vol. 163, article id 107077Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In fatigue life prediction of single crystal gas turbine blades, the risk of rapid crystallographic crack growth along the close-packed planes poses a large uncertainty. A criterion is proposed to predict the transition from mode I to crystallographic crack growth, which is necessary for reliable prediction of the number of cycles from crack initiation to the onset of crystallographic crack growth. The proposed criterion is calibrated against tests performed under a wide range of conditions representative for a gas turbine blade, including isothermal fatigue crack growth tests and thermomechanical fatigue crack growth tests, some including hold times and pre-test aging.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2022. Vol. 163, article id 107077
Keywords [en]
Single crystal superalloy, TMF, Crack growth, Crystallographic crack growth, Aging, Hold time
National Category
Other Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-186053DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.107077ISI: 000818487800002OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-186053DiVA, id: diva2:1671452
Note

Funding agencies: The work has been supported financially by Siemens Energy AB in Finspång, Sweden and the Swedish Energy Agency, via the Research Consortium of Materials Technology for Thermal Energy Processes, Grant No. KME-702.

Available from: 2022-06-17 Created: 2022-06-17 Last updated: 2023-12-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Crack growth in single crystal gas turbine blade alloys under service-like conditions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Crack growth in single crystal gas turbine blade alloys under service-like conditions
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This work concerns the fatigue crack growth behaviour of nickel base single crystal superalloys. The main industrial application of this class of materials is in gas turbine blades, where the ability to withstand severe mechanical loading in combination with high temperatures is required. In order to ensure the structural integrity of gas turbine blades, knowledge of the fatigue crack growth behaviour under service-like conditions is of utmost importance. The aim of the present work is both to improve the understanding of the crack growth behaviour of single crystal superalloys and to improve the testing and evaluation methodology for crack propagation under thermomechanical fatigue loading conditions. Single crystal superalloys have anisotropic mechanical properties and are prone to localization of inelastic deformation along the close packed planes of the crystal lattice. Under some conditions, crystallographic crack growth occurs along these planes, and this is a complicating factor throughout the whole chain of crack propagation life simulation; from material data generation to component calculation. Crack growth testing has been performed, both using conventional isothermal testing methods and using thermomechanical fatigue crack growth testing. Experimental observations regarding crystallographic crack growth have been made and its dependence on crystal orientation and testing temperature has been investigated. Quantitative crack growth data are presented for the case of Mode I crack growth under isothermal as well as thermomechanical fatigue conditions. Microstructural investigations have been undertaken to investigate the deformation mechanisms governing the crack growth behaviour. A compliance-based method for the evaluation of crack opening force under thermomechanical fatigue conditions was developed, to enable a detailed analysis of the test data. The crack opening force evaluation proved to be of key importance for the understanding of the crack driving force under different testing conditions. The influence of hold time on crack growth behaviour was analysed, both in terms of creep crack growth and in terms of creep effects on the crack opening force. The transition between non-crystallographic and crystallographic crack growth was studied in detail and a criterion was developed to enable accurate predictions of this transition under a wide range of loading conditions representative for gas turbine blades.

Abstract [sv]

Detta arbete behandlar sprickpropageringsbeteendet hos monokristallina nickelbaserade superlegeringar. Den huvudsakliga industriella tillämpningen för denna materialgrupp är som skovelmaterial i gasturbiner, vilket kräver förmågan att motstå hög mekanisk belastning i kombination med höga temperaturer. För att säkerställa gasturbinskovlarnas hållfasthet är kunskap om sprickpropageringsbeteendet, under driftsliknande förhållanden, av yttersta vikt. Målet med detta arbete är både att förbättra förståelsen för monokristallina nickelbaslegeringars sprickpropageringsbeteende och att förbättra metodiken för sprickpropageringsprovning med termomekanisk utmattningsbelastning. Monokristallina superlegeringar har anisotropa mekaniska egenskaper och en benägenhet till lokalisering av inelastisk deformation längs kristallgittrets tätpackade plan. Under vissa förhållanden sker kristallografisk spricktillväxt längs dessa plan och detta är en komplicerande faktor genom hela kedjan av sprickpropageringssimulering; från materialdatagenerering till komponentberäkningar. Sprickpropageringsprovning har utförts både med konventionella isoterma provningsmetoder och med termomekanisk sprickpropageringsprovning. Kristallografisk sprickpropagering har studerats experimentellt för att klargöra dess beroende av kristallorientering och temperatur. Kvantitativa sprickpropageringsdata presenteras för sprickväxt i Modus I, under isoterm såväl som termomekanisk utmattningsbelastning. Mikrostrukturundersökningar har gjorts för att studera deformationsmekanismerna som styr sprickpropageringsbeteendet. En kompliansbaserad metod för att utvärdera spricköppningskraften vid termomekanisk utmattning har utvecklats, för att möjliggöra en djupgående analys av provdatat. Spricköppningsutvärderingen visade sig ha en nyckelroll för förståelsen av drivkraften för sprickpropagering vid olika provningsförhållanden. Inverkan av hålltid på sprickpropageringsbeteendet analyserades både med avseende på krypspricktillväxt och med avseende på inverkan av krypdeformation på spricköppningskraften. Omslaget från icke-kristallografisk till kristallografisk sprickpropagering studerades i detalj och ett kriterium utvecklades för att möjliggöra tillförlitliga prediktioner av detta omslag under ett brett spann av förhållanden, representativa för gasturbinskovlar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. p. 56
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 2224
Keywords
Single crystal superalloy, TMF, Crack growth, Crystallographic crack growth, Aging, Hold time, Creep crack growth
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-184766 (URN)10.3384/9789179292973 (DOI)9789179292966 (ISBN)9789179292973 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-06-03, C3, C Building, Campus Valla, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Funding agencies: The Swedish Energy Agency and Siemens Energy

Available from: 2022-05-03 Created: 2022-05-03 Last updated: 2023-12-28Bibliographically approved

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Palmert, FransGustafsson, DavidSegersäll, MikaelMoverare, Johan

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