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An Advanced Framework for Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Terminal Airspace
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
2024 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

As air traffic volumes continue to grow, understanding and managing traffic flows within Terminal Maneuvering Areas (TMAs) has become essential to meet increasing capacity demands. TMAs, the airspaces surrounding airports managed by Air Traffic Controller (ATC) for landings and takeoffs, often face challenges due to limited capacity, leading to performance degradation and significant environmental footprint. While existing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) effectively assess the en route phase of flight journeys, there remains a gap in the metrics specifically designed for evaluating TMAs.

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a comprehensive evaluation framework tailored for TMAs to assess performance, identify inefficiencies, and highlight areas for improvement. First, the existing general metrics were modified for TMA-specific evaluation, proved effective in detecting inconsistencies in air traffic control and identifying optimization opportunities. New TMA-specific performance indicators were also developed and applied to various TMAs with different types of arrival procedures.

In the second phase, dependencies between the metrics were examined to create a performance assessment tool tailored to specific operational scopes. Statistical Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis was performed on two subsets of metrics, uncovering that the newly-introduced metric, ‘threshold,’ correlates significantly with other performance indicators. This metric serves for the predicting TMAs performance based on entry conditions, improving air traffic management.

Recently, the focus was placed on Point Merge-specific metrics to assess their potential in improving environmental efficiency of the arrivals. Testing across seven airports revealed that Point Merge (PM) structures are often underutilized. Finally, the PM-specific metrics and the overall performance evaluation framework were refined for more efficient evaluation and further optimization of TMAs featuring different types of arrival operations.

Abstract [sv]

I takt med att volymerna av flygtrafik ökar har det blivit avgörande att förstå och hantera trafikflöden inom TMA för att möta de växande kapacitetskraven. TMA, de luftrum som omger flygplatser och där flygtrafikledning (ATC) hanterar landningar och start, står ofta inför utmaningar på grund av begränsad kapacitet, vilket leder till prestandaf örsämring och en större miljöpåverkan. Medan befintliga nyckeltal (KPI) effektivt bedömer den flygande fasen av flygresor, finns det fortfarande ett gap i mått som specifikt är utformade för att utvärdera TMA.

Syftet med denna avhandling är att utveckla en omfattande utvärderingsram skräddarsydd för TMA för att bedöma prestation, identifiera ineffektivitet och belysa förbättringsområden. Befintliga allmänna mått har modifierats för TMA-specifik utvärdering och har visat sig effektiva för att upptäcka inkonsekvenser i flygtrafikledning och identifiera optimeringsmöjligheter. Nya TMA-specifika prestationsindikatorer har också utvecklats och tillämpats på olika TMA med olika ankomstprocedurer.

I den andra fasen undersöktes beroendena mellan måtten för att skapa ett prestationsbedömningsverktyg anpassat för specifika operationella områden. Statistisk OLS-analys genomfördes på två delmängder av måtten, vilket ledde till introduktionen av en ny metrisk, ’tröskel’, som korrelerar signifikant med andra restationsindikatorer. Denna metrisk hjälper till att förutsäga TMA prestation baserat på ingångsvillkor, vilket förbättrar hanteringen av flygtrafik.

Nyligen har ytterligare fokus lagts på Point Merge-specifika mått för att bedöma deras potential. Testning över sju flygplatser visade att PM-strukturer ofta är underutnyttjade. Slutligen förfinades de PM-anpassade metrikerna och det övergripande utvärderingsramverket för en mer effektiv framtida utvärdering och ytterligare optimering av TMA med olika typer av inflygningsoperationer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. , p. 41
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Licentiate Thesis, ISSN 0280-7971 ; 2007
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-209395DOI: 10.3384/9789180758734ISBN: 9789180758727 (print)ISBN: 9789180758734 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-209395DiVA, id: diva2:1912248
Presentation
2024-12-02, K3, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping, Norrköping, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-11-11 Created: 2024-11-11 Last updated: 2024-11-11Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Evaluation of the Sequencing and Merging Procedures at Three European Airports Using Opensky Data
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Evaluation of the Sequencing and Merging Procedures at Three European Airports Using Opensky Data
2022 (English)In: The 9th OpenSky Symposium / [ed] Junzi Sun, Xavier Olive,Martin Strohmeier, Enrico Spinielli, Basel, Switzerland: MDPI , 2022, Vol. 13Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2022
Series
Engineering Proceedings, E-ISSN 2673-4591 ; 13
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-188027 (URN)10.3390/engproc2021013013 (DOI)2-s2.0-85145376065 (Scopus ID)
Conference
9th OpenSky Symposium, Brussels, Belgium, 18–19 November 2021
Available from: 2022-09-02 Created: 2022-09-02 Last updated: 2024-11-11Bibliographically approved
2. New Insight Towards Characterization of the Terminal Areas
Open this publication in new window or tab >>New Insight Towards Characterization of the Terminal Areas
2023 (English)In: AIAA 2023-3971: Session: Simulation, Modeling and Analysis, 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Terminal areas often experience significant performance degradation due to limited airspacecapacity and operational resources, which unavoidably contributes to the increased environ-mental footprint of the aviation sector. In this paper, we present our work on the developmentof the new performance evaluation metrics for efficient, fair and comprehensive quantitativeassessment of the arrival operations within the Terminal Maneuvering Areas (TMAs). Weinvestigate existing metrics, develop new ones and study dependencies between them, targetingcreation of the comprehensive performance assessment framework. Using open-source historicalflight data, we test the framework on several airports in Europe which implement differentarrival procedures. The newly introduced performance metrics have a potential to predict theTMA performance based of the characteristics of the arrival flows to TMA.

Keywords
Terminal Maneuvering Area, Key Performance Indicator
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-208779 (URN)10.2514/6.2023-3971 (DOI)
Conference
AIAA AVIATION 2023 Forum, San Diego
Available from: 2024-10-24 Created: 2024-10-24 Last updated: 2024-11-11
3. Performance Characterization of Arrival Operations with Point Merge at Oslo Gardermoen Airport
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Performance Characterization of Arrival Operations with Point Merge at Oslo Gardermoen Airport
2023 (English)In: Fifteenth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar, 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The paper focuses on the performance assessment of the arrival operations in Oslo Gardermoen airport implementing point merge (PM) procedures. We take a data-driven approach based on the open-source ADS-B data, and conduct a detailed performance assessment utilizing a diverse set of performance indicators, including newly developed metrics for better understanding of the PM specifics. The results of the performance evaluation indicate that the PM systems are currently underutilized in Oslo airport, and their increased usage may lead to the improved arrival performance, especially during the peak time periods.

Keywords
Arrival procedures, point merge, performance evaluation, continuous descent operations
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-203052 (URN)
Conference
Fifteenth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar (ATM 2023), Savannah, Georgia, United States
Available from: 2024-04-25 Created: 2024-04-25 Last updated: 2024-11-11Bibliographically approved
4. Investigation of Point Merge Utilization Worldwide Using Opensky Network Data
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigation of Point Merge Utilization Worldwide Using Opensky Network Data
2023 (English)In: Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Proceedings of 11th OpenSky Symposium, 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Point Merge (PM) arrival procedure is implemented at multiple airports around the World. There aredifferent PM design variants: with overlapping, partially overlapping or separated sequencing legs, aposition of the sequencing legs inside or outside the TMA, different geometry of the flows to PM ormerging to a point; each coming with a different impact on the trade-offs associated with the structure.

In this work, we investigate the usage of PM procedures in several airports around the globe using open-access ADS-B-based data provided by the OpenSky Network. We analyse arrival flows at the airports with

PM, and propose a catchment algorithm to see which flights from the blend are actually adherent to theprocedure. Then quantify the PM utilization by applying the performance indicators specifically designedfor this purpose.

National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-208780 (URN)10.59490/joas.2023.7218 (DOI)
Conference
11th OpenSky Symposium
Available from: 2024-10-24 Created: 2024-10-24 Last updated: 2024-11-11

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Smetanová, Lucie

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