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Putting the Flynn effect under the microscope: Item-level patterns in NLSYC PIAT-math scores, 1986-2004
Vanderbilt Univ, TN 37203 USA.
Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Division of Statistics and Machine Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6590-3847
Western Governors Univ, UT 84107 USA.
2025 (English)In: Intelligence, ISSN 0160-2896, E-ISSN 1873-7935, Vol. 109, article id 101897Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Previous research has demonstrated the existence of a Flynn effect in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Children (NLSYC) responses to the PIAT-Math instrument. The PIAT-Math is at least partially linked to fluid intelligence, whereas other scales in the NLSYC - PIAT-Reading Recognition, PIAT-Reading Comprehension, the PPVT, and Digit Span - are primarily based on crystallized intelligence; these scales showed little or no Flynn effect in the NLSYC. We put the 84 PIAT-Math items "under the microscope" by evaluating the Flynn effect in relation to each item, and measured the Flynn effect by computing a slope across birth-year cohorts, using nine different age replications. Following, we use expert ratings of the items on eight different features - visual matching, recall/memory, computation/estimation, spatial visualization, real-world reasoning, manipulation of geometry, solving algebra, and counting - to identify what features are important in producing the Flynn effect. The highest correlations obtain for the links between the Flynn effect and the features real-world reasoning, counting and computation/estimation. There is a negative correlation between item-level Flynn effects and the features manipulation of geometry, solving algebra, and recall/memory. These results support previous findings ephasizing the role that fluid intelligence plays in relation to the Flynn effect.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC , 2025. Vol. 109, article id 101897
Keywords [en]
Flynn effect; Item level; Fluid intelligence; NLSY
National Category
Psychology (Excluding Applied Psychology)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-211685DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2024.101897ISI: 001413293500001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85216130126OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-211685DiVA, id: diva2:1938108
Available from: 2025-02-17 Created: 2025-02-17 Last updated: 2025-02-17

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