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The Role of Wonder in Students’ Conception of and Learning About Evolution
School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0009-0001-6484-534X
2023 (English)In: Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal (C·E·P·S Journal), ISSN 1855-9719, E-ISSN 2232-2647, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 35-61Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Learning about evolution can be challenging for students, as a full understanding may require them to see the world in new ways, to master a disciplinary language and to understand complex processes. Drawing on a long line of theoretically grounded arguments of philosophers and researchers for including wonder in science teaching, we report on the results of an empirical study with the primary aim of investigating the role of wonder in students’ learning about evolution. The study was carried out through a formative intervention in which two researchers in science education collaborated with a seventh-grade teacher. Over a period of six weeks, 45 students participated in lessons and workshops aimed at eliciting a sense of wonder in relation to concepts that are known to impact the learning of evolution. We incorporated four ‘triggers’ to elicit students’ wonder in the science class: aesthetic experiences, defiance of expectations, agency and awareness of a mystery within the ordinary. Logbook entries and interviews with student pairs provided empirical material for a qualitative analysis of the role of wonder in the students’ meaning-making about, learning of and engagement in evolu-tion. The results show that it is possible to design science teaching that triggers students’ wonder in relation to an intended learning object. The results also reveal that the participating students described their sense of wonder in qualitatively different ways and that they still struggle

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. Vol. 13, no 1, p. 35-61
Keywords [en]
evolution, formative intervention, lower secondary school, threshold concepts, wonder
National Category
Didactics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-213353DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1489Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85160403834OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-213353DiVA, id: diva2:1955363
Available from: 2025-04-30 Created: 2025-04-30 Last updated: 2025-05-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Känslors plats i grundskolans NO-undervisning: Praktiknära studier om förundran och meningsskapande kring evolutionära processer
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Känslors plats i grundskolans NO-undervisning: Praktiknära studier om förundran och meningsskapande kring evolutionära processer
2025 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
The place of emotions in compulsory school science education : Practice-based studies of wonder and meaning-making in relation to evolutionary processes
Abstract [sv]

Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att bidra med ny kunskap om hur lärare kan skapa utrymme för förundran i grundskolans NO-undervisning och hur detta kan påverka elevers engagemang i, och meningsskapande om, ett planerat lärandemål. Förundran är ett känslotillstånd som uppstår då en person konfronteras med något som går utanför det man förväntar sig eller i mötet med något som upplevs som obegripligt. Förundran kan också uppstå i samband med en oväntad insikt om komplexiteten eller skönheten i något vanligt eller om man plötsligt ser något ur ett helt nytt perspektiv. Denna känsla klassificeras som epistemisk eftersom den ofta leder till en vilja att förstå mer och ett engagemang i att utforska och inhämta ny kunskap. Avhandlingen fokuserar på hur förundran kan användas som ett pedagogiskt verktyg i samband med evolutionsundervisning, ett ämnesområde som visat sig vara utmanande både för elever och lärare.

Tidigare forskning om förundrans roll för elevers lärande och engagemang är till övervägande del baserad på teoretiska och filosofiska resonemang eller genomförda som kliniska studier eller via enkäter. I avhandlingens delstudier prövas föreslagna undervisningsupplägg från dessa studier i klassrumssituationer. Avhandlingens studie bygger på så kallade formativa interventioner, där lärare och forskare samarbetar om hur undervisning kan planeras och genomföras. Avhandlingen innefattar två delstudier, båda genomförda vid en F-9 skola i Mellansverige. Den första delstudien involverade elever och lärare i årskurs 2, 3 och 4 och fokuserade på att utveckla och pröva de teoretiskt beskrivna undervisningsuppläggen samt metoder för empiriinsamling och analys. Den andra delstudien genomfördes i en årskurs 7 under ett avsnitt om evolution.

Empirin samlades in genom videofilmade klassrumsobservationer, ljudinspelade lärar- och elevintervjuer samt skriftliga elevreflektioner. Empirin analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativa innehållsanalyser samt fördjupande multimodal analys av filmat material i delstudie två.

Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten på några gemensamma förhållningssätt som gav utrymme för elevers förundran; att använda berättande för att skapa en miljö som gynnar förundran, att ge eleverna möjlighet att påverka hur objekt eller processer undersöks, att skapa en trygg miljö där känslor får uttryckas och att ge eleverna möjlighet att stanna upp och stanna kvar i sitt meningsskapande.  

Resultaten pekar även på att undervisningsformer som inkluderade tävlingsmoment eller tidspress begränsade elevernas möjligheter att uppleva förundran. I vissa fall gav detta dock utrymme för andra epistemiska känslor, såsom förvirring, frustration och nyfikenhet, som tillsammans bidrog till att fördjupa elevernas resonemang kring komplexa evolutionära begrepp.

Abstract [en]

The overall aim of this thesis is to contribute new insights into how teachers can create space for student´s wonder in science education in Swedish compulsory schools, and how this may affect students’ engagement with and meaning making around a planned learning objective. Wonder is an emotion that arises when a person encounters something unexpected or incomprehensible. It can also emerge in response to a sudden realization of the complexity or beauty of something ordinary, or when something is perceived from an entirely new perspective. This feeling is classified as epistemic, as it often leads to a desire to understand more and an engagement in exploring and acquiring new knowledge. This thesis focuses on how wonder can be used as an educational tool in the teaching of evolution—a subject that has proven to be challenging for both students and teachers.

Previous research on the role of wonder in student learning and engagement is largely based on theoretical and philosophical discussions or conducted through clinical studies or surveys. In contrast, the sub-studies in this thesis investigate teaching in classroom contexts. The research is based on formative interventions, where teachers and researchers collaboratively explored how teaching can be planned and enacted. The thesis comprises two sub-studies, both conducted at a compulsory school (grades F–9) in central Sweden. The first sub-study involved students and teachers in grades 2, 3, and 4 and focused on developing and testing theoretically proposed teaching approaches as well as methods for data collection and analysis. The second sub-study was carried out in a grade 7 class during a teaching unit on evolution.

Empirical data were collected through video-recorded classroom observations, audio-recorded interviews with teachers and students, and written student reflections. The material was analysed using qualitative content analysis and, in the second sub-study, in-depth multimodal analysis of video data.

The results identify several shared teaching approaches that facilitated space for student wonder: using storytelling; allowing students to influence how objects or processes are explored; fostering a safe environment where emotions can be expressed; and giving students opportunities to pause and remain in their meaning-making processes.

The findings also indicate that teaching formats involving competition or time pressure limited opportunities for students to experience wonder. However, in some cases, these conditions gave rise to a range of other epistemic emotions—such as confusion, frustration, and curiosity—that collectively contributed to deeper student reasoning about complex evolutionary concepts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. p. 126
Series
Studies in Science and Technology Education, ISSN 1652-5051 ; 128
Keywords
Epistemic emotions, Evolution, Formative intervention, Compulsory school, Threshold concepts, Wonder, Epistemiska känslor, Evolution, Formativ intervention, Förundran, Grundskola, Tröskelbegrepp
National Category
Didactics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-213360 (URN)10.3384/9789181181272 (DOI)9789181181265 (ISBN)9789181181272 (ISBN)
Presentation
2025-06-05, K3, Kåkenhus, Campus Norrköping, Norrköping, 14:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-04-30 Created: 2025-04-30 Last updated: 2025-05-05Bibliographically approved

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