Prostitution is a very contested issue everywhere. Great advances are being made on its regulation in the European Union through non-binding soft law instruments and on establishing an abolitionist stance inside the European Parliament. Because prostitution touches upon key topics like gender and sexuality, this study seeks to critically assess the value system and gender notions that are at work in the debates on prostitution. The research question that guides the analysis consists in how gender is understood by the members of the European Parliament in their discussions on prostitution, approached with a thematic analysis and a feminist critical discourse analysis of the European Parliament resolution of 2014 on sexual exploitation and prostitution and its impact on gender equality and the European Parliament resolution of 2023 on the regulation of prostitution in the EU: its cross-border implications and impact on gender equality and women’s rights. The study is very much influenced by all the previous scholarship on gender, discourse and prostitution, and the results are also in tune with what has been previously observed in other studies. Still, this thesis provides a detailed and specific study of the gender notions at play in the abovementioned debates. The findings point at a strong connection between women and prostitutes, and prostitution and sexual exploitation, issues with gendering, othering, victimization, and a shallow analysis of structural oppression.