Conversation analysis (CA) has become a key approach in early childhood studies, offering deep insights into children’s interactions across a variety of settings. Sacks’s early lectures demonstrated a keen interest in children’s lives and how they competently organize social worlds in an adult-governed world, sparking a growing prevalence of the study of infants, toddlers, and young children through a CA approach. This chapter aims to capture key messages from CA early childhood studies, with a focus on (1) the social competence of infants, toddlers, and young children; (2) morality and socialization in adult-child and children’s peer interactions; and (3) pedagogy and learning-in-interaction. The chapter concludes with suggested readings and a discussion of future directions, emphasizing practical applications and further research to advance CA in early childhood studies.