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Reduction in depressive symptoms predicts improvement in eating disorder symptoms in interpersonal psychotherapy: results from a naturalistic study
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Futurum Acad Hlth & Care, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
Orebro Univ, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Psychology. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Karolinska Inst, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4753-6745
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2020 (English)In: Journal of Eating Disorders, E-ISSN 2050-2974, Vol. 8, no 1, article id 33Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) can be effective for both Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and co-occurring depression. While changes in symptoms of Eating disorder (ED) and depression have been found to correlate, it is unclear how they interact during treatment and in which order the symptoms decrease. Methods Thirty-one patients with BN and depressive symptoms received IPT using the manual IPT-BNm in a naturalistic design. The outcome was measured with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Montgomery angstrom sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Symptom improvement at each session was measured with Repeated Evaluation of Eating Disorder Symptoms (REDS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results Significant improvements with large effect sizes were found on both ED symptoms and depression. The rates of change were linear for both BN and depression. A strong correlation between reduction of depressive symptoms and ED symptoms was found. Depressive symptom reduction at one session predicted improvement of ED symptoms at the next session. Conclusions IPT-BNm had an effect on both BN and co-occurring depressive symptoms. The analyses indicated that reduction in depressive symptoms preceded reduction in bulimic symptoms.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2020. Vol. 8, no 1, article id 33
Keywords [en]
IPT; Interpersonal psychotherapy; Bulimia nervosa; IPT-BN; IPT-BNm
National Category
Psychiatry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168168DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00308-1ISI: 000549862600002PubMedID: 32637100OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-168168DiVA, id: diva2:1459386
Note

Funding Agencies|SwEat - Swedish Eating Disorder Register; Linkoping University

Available from: 2020-08-19 Created: 2020-08-19 Last updated: 2025-07-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Relational Aspects and Applications of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Eating disorders with Co-morbid Depression
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Relational Aspects and Applications of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Eating disorders with Co-morbid Depression
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Relationella aspekter och tillämpningar på Interpersonell psykoterapi av ätstörningar och samtidig depression
Abstract [en]

Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), originally developed for depression, is recommended in Sweden’s national treatment guidelines as an option for binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa. Despite documented efficacy, IPT has primarily been studied as a comparison treatment in eating disorder research. There remains limited knowledge about the method’s functioning in Swedish clinical settings, the mechanisms of change, and how therapeutic work unfolds in practice. This thesis, using a mixed method design, examines the applicability of IPT for individuals with eating disorders and co-occurring depression. The results indicate that IPT is a promising treatment for patients within the bulimic spectrum, showing significant improvements in both eating disorder and depressive symptoms. Notably, improvements in depression preceded symptom relief in the eating disorder – but not the other way around – suggesting a potentially change-driving association. Symptom improvement occurred more rapidly when treatment explicitly and consistently linked current symptoms to emotionally charged relational themes. The qualitative findings demonstrate that this connection – the so-called mood-event connection – is co-created through a collaborative process, in which therapist and patient jointly develop an understanding of what is meaningful and what the next step in therapy should be. Patients with a more restrictive symptomatology showed no improvement. This may possibly be explained by patients’ descriptions of living with the eating disorder as something ever-present in the relating to themselves, others, and life as a whole. The findings suggest that treatment should support the externalisation of the eating disorder as an ego-dystonic condition, foster more functional ways of relating to self and others, and facilitate motivation for a new social role beyond the illness. This thesis supports IPT as a credible and independent treatment for eating disorders, especially in cases involving binge eating, compensatory behaviours, and co-occurring depression.

Abstract [sv]

Interpersonell psykoterapi (IPT), ursprungligen utvecklad för depression, rekommenderas i Socialstyrelsens riktlinjer som behandlingsalternativ vid hetsätningsstörning och bulimia nervosa. Dokumenterad effekt till trots har IPT vid ätstörningar främst studerats som jämförelsebehandling. Kunskapen är fortfarande begränsad om hur metoden fungerar i svensk vårdkontext, vilka mekanismer som driver förändring, och hur det terapeutiska arbetet faktiskt tar form. Avhandlingen har med en mixed method-design undersökt användbarheten av IPT vid ätstörning med samtidig depression. Resultaten visar att IPT är en lovande behandlings-intervention för patienter inom bulimispektrat, med signifikanta förbättringar i både ätstörnings- och depressionssymtom. Förbättring i depression föregick symtomlindring i ätstörningen – men inte tvärtom. Detta antyder ett förändringsdrivande samband. Symtomförbättring inträffade snabbare när behandlingen explicit och återkommande kopplade ätproblematik till känslomässigt laddade relationsteman. Avhandlingens kvalitativa resultat visar att denna koppling – det så kallade mood-event-länkandet – sker i en samskapande process där terapeut och patient tillsammans formar förståelse för det meningsbärande och vad nästa steg i terapin bör vara. Patienter med en mer restriktiv symtombild uppvisade ingen förbättring. Detta kan eventuellt förstås genom patienternas beskrivningar av att leva med ätstörningen som något ständigt närvarande i relaterandet till sig själv, till andra och till livet i stort. Resultaten uppmuntrar till att behandling bör externalisera ätstörningen som ett jagdystont tillstånd, att skapa utrymme för ett mer funktionellt relaterande till sig själv och andra, samt motivera för en ny social roll utan sjukdomen. Avhandlingen stärker IPT som en trovärdig och självständig metod i behandling av ätstörningar – särskilt vid hetsätande och kompensatorisk problematik, samt när depression är en del av symtombilden.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. p. 78
Series
Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences, ISSN 0282-9800 ; 913Linköping Studies in Behavioural Science, ISSN 1654-2029 ; 262
Keywords
Interpersonal Psychotherapy, IPT, eating disorders, comorbid depression, mixed methods
National Category
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-215866 (URN)10.3384/9789180759229 (DOI)9789180759212 (ISBN)9789180759229 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-09-05, I:101, Hus I, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-07-15 Created: 2025-07-01 Last updated: 2025-08-19Bibliographically approved

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