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Associations between students bystander behavior and individual and classroom collective moral disengagement
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education, Teaching and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Education, Teaching and Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9233-3862
Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Division of Statistics and Machine Learning. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
Univ Padua, Italy.
2021 (English)In: Educational Psychology, ISSN 0144-3410, E-ISSN 1469-5820, Vol. 41, no 3, p. 264-281Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study examined whether students bystander behaviours in peer victimisation were associated with individual (IMD) and classroom collective moral disengagement (CMD). Self-report survey data were analysed from 1577 Swedish students in fifth grade. Multilevel analyses revealed that, when witnessing peer victimisation, students more often sided with the victimisers if they belonged to classrooms high in CMD, especially if they simultaneously were high in IMD. Furthermore, staying passive was associated with higher levels of IMD and CMD, whereas defending the victims was associated with lower levels of IMD and CMD. Taken together, our findings suggest that moral disengagement beliefs both at the individual and at the classroom-level contribute to explain variability in students bystander behaviours, which has potential implications for prevention and intervention work.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD , 2021. Vol. 41, no 3, p. 264-281
Keywords [en]
Peer victimisation; bystander behaviour; individual moral disengagement; classroom collective moral disengagement
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-171036DOI: 10.1080/01443410.2020.1828832ISI: 000576229600001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-171036DiVA, id: diva2:1485224
Available from: 2020-11-01 Created: 2020-11-01 Last updated: 2022-10-06
In thesis
1. Bystander behaviors in peer victimization: Associations with moral disengagement, efficacy beliefs, and student-teacher relationship quality
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bystander behaviors in peer victimization: Associations with moral disengagement, efficacy beliefs, and student-teacher relationship quality
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

När elever blir utsatta för kränkningar finns ofta andra elever närvarande som åskådare. Dessa åskådare kan anta olika sociala roller: de kan assistera eller förstärka de som utsätter, försvara de som blir utsatta eller förbli passiva. Syftet med den här avhandlingen var att undersöka hur elevers åskådarbeteenden vid kränkningssituationer hänger samman med moraliskt disengagemang, elev-lärarrelationer och tillit till sin egen och klassens förmåga att försvara de som blir utsatta. Självrapporterade enkätdata samlades in från elever i årskurs 4–8 och analyserades med hjälp av olika statistiska metoder såsom flernivåanalys och strukturella ekvationsmodeller. Resultaten visar att de tre åskådarbeteendena hänger samman med faktorer på både individ- och klassnivå. Att assistera och förstärka de som utsätter hade starkast samband (positivt) med moraliskt disengagemang. Att försvara de som blir utsatta och att förbli passiv hade starkast samband (positivt respektive negativt) med självtillit. Resultaten pekar också på att det positiva sambandet mellan att försvara utsatta och självtillit går åt båda håll: försvararbeteenden predicerar självtillit och själv­tillit predicerar försvarar­beteenden. I enlighet med socialkognitiv teori visar den här avhandlingen på betydelsen av att beakta ett komplicerat mönster av faktorer på olika nivåer när man studerar elevers åskådarbeteenden.

Abstract [en]

Peer victimization most often occurs in the presence of bystanders, who play different social roles. They may assist or reinforce those who victimize, defend those who are victimized, or remain passive. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how students’ bystander behaviors in peer victimization are associated with moral disengagement, efficacy beliefs, and student-teacher relationship quality. Self-report questionnaire data were collected from students in grades 4 to 8, and were analyzed using different statistical methods, such as multilevel modeling and structural equation modeling. The findings show that the three types of bystander behaviors are associated with both individual- and classroom-level characteristics. Assisting and reinforcing those who victimize were most strongly associated (positively) with moral disengagement. Defending those who are victimized and remaining passive were most strongly associated (positively and negatively, respectively) with self-efficacy to defend victims. The findings also indicate that the positive association between students’ defending bystander behaviors and their self-efficacy to defend is bidirectional: defending predicts self-efficacy and self-efficacy predicts defending. In line with social cognitive theory, this thesis highlights the importance of considering a complex pattern of factors at different levels when addressing students’ bystander behaviors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2020. p. 128
Series
Linköping Studies in Behavioural Science, ISSN 1654-2029 ; 224
Keywords
Bystander behaviors, Peer victimization, Moral disengagement, Efficacy beliefs, Student-teacher relationship quality, Social cognitive theory, Åskådarbeteenden, Kränkningar, Moraliskt disengagemang, Tillit till sin egen och klassens förmåga, Elev-lärarrelationer, Socialkognitiv teori
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-171945 (URN)10.3384/diss.diva-171945 (DOI)9789179297282 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-01-29, Online through Zoom (contact maria.hugo-linden@liu.se) and C3, C Building, Campus Valla, Linköping, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-12-16 Created: 2020-12-16 Last updated: 2020-12-18Bibliographically approved

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Sjögren, BjörnThornberg, RobertWänström, Linda
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