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Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data for Cognitively Healthy Swedish 80-to 94-Year-Olds
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics.
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Mindmore AB, Sweden.
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Department of Activity and Health.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4166-7269
2022 (English)In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, ISSN 1387-2877, E-ISSN 1875-8908, Vol. 87, no 3, p. 1335-1344Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is sensitive to cognitive impairment; however, it is also sensitive to demographic and socio-cultural factors. This necessitates reliable sub-population norms, but these are often lacking for older adults. Objective: To present demographically adjusted regression-based MoCA norms for cognitively healthy Swedish older adults. Methods: A pseudo-random sample of community-dwelling 80- to 94-year-olds, stratified by age and gender, was invited to the study. Initial telephone interviews and medical records searches (n = 218) were conducted to screen for cognitive impairment. N= 181 eligible participants were administered a protocol including the Swedish version of the MoCA and assessments of global cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9). Individuals scoring in the range of possible cognitive impairment on the MMSE or more than mild depression on the PHQ-9 were excluded (n = 23); three discontinued the test-session. Results: Norms were derived from the remaining n = 158. They were evenly distributed by gender, on average 85 years old, and with a mean education of 11 years. MoCA scores were independently influenced by age and education, together explaining 17.2% of the total variance. Higher age and lower education were associated with lower performance and 46% performed below the original cut-off (< 26/30). Conclusion: The negative impact of increasing age on MoCA performance continues linearly into the nineties in normal aging. Demographic factors should be considered when interpreting MoCA performance and a tool for computing demographically corrected standard scores is provided.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS PRESS , 2022. Vol. 87, no 3, p. 1335-1344
Keywords [en]
Cognitive aging; healthy volunteers; neuropsychological tests; regression analyses
National Category
Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-186176DOI: 10.3233/JAD-215629ISI: 000806160400030PubMedID: 35431248OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-186176DiVA, id: diva2:1675810
Note

Funding Agencies|Alzheimerfonden [AF-648031]; Region O stergo tland (RO) [RO -430341, RO 751381, RO -631391, FOR SS-482931]; ALF [RO -790811, RO -696631, RO -602761]

Available from: 2022-06-23 Created: 2022-06-23 Last updated: 2023-03-27

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Lyth, Johan

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Classon, Elisabetvan den Hurk, WobbieLyth, JohanJohansson, Maria
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Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of Acute Internal Medicine and GeriatricsDivision of Society and HealthDepartment of Activity and Health
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Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences

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