Organogels from Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymer Ionene/Polythiophene Blends Exhibit Ground-State Single Electron Transfer in the Solid StateShow others and affiliations
2022 (English)In: Macromolecules, ISSN 0024-9297, E-ISSN 1520-5835, Vol. 55, no 12, p. 4979-4994Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Acceptor copolymers with low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are key materials for organic electronics. In the present work, quaternization of pyridine -flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (PyDPPPy) is used to lower the LUMO energy level of the resulting monomer (MePyDPPPy) by as much as 0.7 eV. The drastically changed electronic properties of MePyDPPPy hinder a second methylation step even in an excess of trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate and thereby give access to the asymmetric functionalization of N-heterocycle -flanked DPP building blocks. The corresponding n-type polymeric ionene PMePyDPPPyT2 with bithiophene as comonomer forms thixotropic organogels with the p-type polythiophene P(g(4)2T-TT), indicative of specific cross-interactions between this couple of copolymers. Gelation of polymer blend solutions, which is absent for other couples of p-type/ n-type polymers, is of general interest for (co)processing and orientation of different electronic polymers simultaneously into films or filaments. Detailed optical and electronic characterization reveals that films processed from organogels exhibit ground-state electron transfer (GSET) enabled by suitably positioned highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and LUMO energy levels of P(g(4)2T-TT) (-4.07 eV) and PMePyDPPPyT2 (-4.20 eV), respectively. Furthermore, molecular interactions related to gelation and GSET do not appear to significantly influence the morphology of the polymer blend films.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
AMER CHEMICAL SOC , 2022. Vol. 55, no 12, p. 4979-4994
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-187539DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00655ISI: 000819310700001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-187539DiVA, id: diva2:1690289
Note
Funding Agencies|European Union [955837]; Swedish Research Council [2018-03824]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through a Wallenberg Scholar grant; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018/15670-5]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [EXC-2193/1-390951807, WA 1687/11-1]; Volkswagen Foundation [I/77476]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [INST 270/152-1 FUGG]
2022-08-252022-08-252022-08-25