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Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Human Pegivirus Coinfected Individuals Display Functional Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells and Follicular T Cells Irrespective of PD-1 Expression
Cent Univ Tamil Nadu, India.
Xiamen Univ Malaysia, Malaysia.
Govt Theni Med Coll & Hosp, India.
Emory Univ, GA USA.
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2024 (English)In: Viral immunology, ISSN 0882-8245, E-ISSN 1557-8976, Vol. 37, no 5, p. 240-250Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Human pegivirus (HPgV) appears to alter the prognosis of HIV disease by modulating T cell homeostasis, chemokine/cytokine production, and T cell activation. In this study, we evaluated if HPgV had any 'favorable' impact on the quantity and quality of T cells in HIV-infected individuals. T cell subsets such as CD4lo, CD4hi, and CD8+ T cells, CD4+ MAIT cells, CD8+ MAIT cells, follicular helper T (TFH) cells, and follicular cytotoxic T (TFC) cells were characterized based on the expression of markers associated with immune activation (CD69, ICOS), proliferation (ki67), cytokine production (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma), and exhaustion (PD-1). HIV+HPgV+ individuals had lower transaminase SGOT (liver) and GGT (biliary) in the plasma than those who were HPgV-. HIV/HPgV coinfection was significantly associated with increased absolute CD4+ T cell counts. HIV+HPgV+ and HIV+HPgV- individuals had highly activated T cell subsets with high expression of CD69 and ICOS on bulk CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD4+ MAIT cells, CD8+ MAIT cells, and CXCR5+CD4+ T cells and CXCR5+CD8+ T cells compared with healthy controls. Irrespective of immune activation markers, these cells also displayed higher levels of PD-1 on CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells . Exploring effector functionality based on mitogen stimulation demonstrated increased cytokine production by CD4+ MAIT and CD8+ MAIT cells. Decrease in absolute CD4+ T cell counts correlated positively with intracellular IFN-gamma levels by CD4lo T cells, whereas increase of the same correlated negatively with TNF-alpha in the CD4lo T cells of HIV+HPgV+ individuals. HIV/HPgV coinfected individuals display functional CD4+ and CD8+ MAIT, TFH, and TFC cells irrespective of PD-1 expression.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC , 2024. Vol. 37, no 5, p. 240-250
Keywords [en]
follicular T cells; HIV-1; MAIT cells; PD-1; pegivirus; viral load; TNF-alpha
National Category
Immunology in the medical area
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-204314DOI: 10.1089/vim.2024.0007ISI: 001233852900001PubMedID: 38808464Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85195101812OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-204314DiVA, id: diva2:1868024
Note

Funding Agencies|Department of Science and Technology-Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India [CRG/2019/006096]; Swedish Research Council; Swedish, Physicians against AIDS Research Foundation; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency; SIDA SARC; VINNMER for Vinnova; Linkoping University Hospital Research Fund; CALF; Swedish Society of Medicine; NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs [P51 OD011132]; Emory CFAR [P30 AI050409]; [AI52731]

Available from: 2024-06-11 Created: 2024-06-11 Last updated: 2025-01-14Bibliographically approved

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Larsson, Marie

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