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The Development of Algorithms for Individual Ranges of Body Temperature and Oxygen Saturation in Healthy and Frail Individuals
Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive Health. Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Region Östergötland, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, Department of Neurosurgery.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1281-885X
Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology.
2024 (English)In: Healthcare, E-ISSN 2227-9032, Vol. 12, no 23, article id 2393Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background/Objectives: Individual habitual conditions entail a risk during the interpretation of vital parameters. We developed algorithms for calculating, validating, and interpreting individual normal ranges of body temperature and oxygen saturation. Methods: In total, 70 healthy individuals aged 27 to 80 and 52 frail individuals aged 60 to 100 were included. Data on individual conditions comprised age, gender, physical ability, chronic disease, and medication. Ear temperature and oxygen saturation were measured for five mornings before the participants got out of bed and consumed medicine, food, or drink. Results: The range for body temperature was 34.3 degrees C to 37.7 degrees C, with a variation of 0.7 degrees C +/- 0.4 degrees C. The variation in minimum and maximum temperatures was 2.4 degrees C vs. 2.7 degrees C and 2.9 degrees C vs. 2.3 degrees C in healthy and frail subjects, respectively. The range for oxygen saturation was 85% to 99% in healthy individuals and 75% to 100% in frail individuals. The variation between minimum and maximum oxygen saturation was 13% vs. 25% and 4% vs. 17% in healthy and frail subjects, respectively. Conclusions: To promote the implementation of precision medicine in clinical practice, it is necessary to interpret body temperature and oxygen saturation based on individual habitual conditions. Interpreting deviations from an individual's normal ranges allows healthcare professionals to provide necessary treatment without delay, which can be decisive in preventing further deterioration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI , 2024. Vol. 12, no 23, article id 2393
Keywords [en]
algorithms; body temperature; habitual condition; individual normal; interpretation; oxygen saturation; precision medicine
National Category
Physiotherapy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-210771DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12232393ISI: 001376296300001PubMedID: 39685015Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85212081091OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-210771DiVA, id: diva2:1926800
Note

Funding Agencies|Vinnova Sweden's Innovation Agency; [2021-04446]

Available from: 2025-01-13 Created: 2025-01-13 Last updated: 2025-02-11

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Sund-Levander, MärthaGrodzinsky, Ewa
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Division of Nursing Sciences and Reproductive HealthFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesDepartment of NeurosurgeryDivision of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology
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