Herein, the synthesis of iron-doped cobalt tungstate (Fe-CoWO4) nanostructures using a cost-effective hydrothermal method for application as electrodes in high-performance supercapacitors is reported. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were performed, and the results confirmed the wolframite-type monoclinic crystal structure while providing detailed insights into the material's morphology and electronic structure. Electrochemical measurements performed with a three-electrode system revealed that the Fe-CoWO4 electrode achieved a specific capacitance of 336 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1, surpassing the performance of undoped CoWO4 (284 F g-1). Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was constructed with Fe-CoWO4 as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode. This ASC device demonstrated a specific capacitance of 82.6 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, along with a remarkable retention of 77.3% after 10 000 charge-discharge cycles. Additionally, the Fe-CoWO4//AC device delivered an energy density of 25.8 W h kg-1 at a power density of 750 W kg-1 at 1 A g-1. This study introduces Fe-CoWO4 nanostructures that are synthesized via a cost-effective hydrothermal method, which exhibited significantly improved electrochemical performances, including a higher capacitance and excellent cycling stability, suggesting they are promising candidates for advanced supercapacitor applications.