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2025 (English)In: Advanced Materials, ISSN 0935-9648, E-ISSN 1521-4095, Vol. 37, no 17, article id 2502426Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Conductive polymers have become crucial in advancing various electronic applications. While p-type materials like poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are widely used and produced at scale, the development of high-performance n-type polymers has lagged due to challenges in synthesis and scalability. In this work, a novel method is introduced to synthesize the highly conductive n-type polymer poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO) using alpha-tocopherylquinone (alpha-TQ) as a catalyst. This approach eliminates the need for post-reaction dialysis, a major obstacle to large-scale PBFDO production. By preventing catalyst aggregation, high electrical conductivity (>1320 S cm(-1)) is achieved, which remains stable in air for over 180 d, significantly simplifying the process. The alpha-TQ-synthesized PBFDO also exhibits excellent thermoelectric properties, with a power factor exceeding 100 mu W m(-1) K-2, placing it among the highest-performing n-type thermoelectric polymers. Additionally, residual alpha-TQ acts as a plasticizer, reducing the elastic modulus by over tenfold while maintaining high conductivity, making this material suitable for mechanically compliant electronics. Similarly, residual alpha-TQ lowers the thermal conductivity of PBFDO by more than an order of magnitude. The process is scalable, as demonstrated by producing high-conductivity ink in a 20 L reactor. This work presents an efficient and sustainable approach for large-scale n-type polymer production.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2025
Keywords
catalyst aggregation; n-type conductive polymers; PBFDO; scalable synthesis; thermoelectric properties
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-212735 (URN)10.1002/adma.202502426 (DOI)001447088500001 ()40099625 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105000506812 (Scopus ID)
Note
Funding Agencies|National Research Foundation of Korea [2021.0058, 2020.0187, 2021.0230, 2022.0034, 2023.0464]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council [2020-03243, 2020-04538, 2022-04053, 2022-04553]; European Commission [GA-955837, 101148701, GA-101084422]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoeping University [SFO-Mat-LiU 2009-00971]; National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea [2019R1A6A1A11044070]
2025-04-012025-04-012025-05-21