Science Parks play a crucial role in fostering entrepreneurship and innovation, acting as hubs for knowledgetransfer, technology commercialization, and business development. Despite their growing importance, existingclassifications fail to adequately capture their diversity. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel typologybased on two key dimensions: ownership and strategic orientation. We categorize them into four types—ResearchParks, Technology Parks, Industrial Parks, and Traditional Parks—providing a framework thatenhances understanding, strategic planning, and policymaking. To empirically validate this typology, we analyse180 Science Parks worldwide, all full members of the International Association of Science Parks and Areas ofInnovation (IASP). The classification relies on data from multiple institutional sources, including IASP directories,reports from national Science Park associations, and individual park websites. Our approach introducesa three-tier classification: i) typology, which establishes the overarching structure; ii) types, representing specificcategories within the typology; and iii) clusters, further categorize the types into subsets, adding depth to theclassification system. Clusters are the results of the practical application of the model to IASP’s full members. Bycategorizing Science Parks into four types and nine clusters, this study provides insights into their distinct needsand challenges, informing more effective policy and management strategies. Ultimately, this research contributesto the broader discourse on Science Parks by offering a refined classification system that improves understandingof their diversity and strategic roles.