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Navigation Support from Shore: Analyzing Remote Pilotage Using the FRAM
Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Media and Information Technology. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering. Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway; Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden.
University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
2025 (English)In: Navigating the FRAM: Mastering the Functional Resonance Analysis Method for Modelling Complex Socio-Technical Systems, CRC Press , 2025, p. 167-197Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This chapter presents findings from using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) to identify potential sources of functional resonance in a novel shore-based navigational assistance service, that is, a way to provide remote pilotage to merchant ships. As the new service is still under development, many questions remain, such as what complexities arise when a marine pilot is moved to shore and what could be the potential sources of risks in such an instance. To identify an initial set of functions for the novel service, a hierarchical task analysis (HTA) was conducted based on expert input, procedures, and process documentation. Subsequently, a task diagram and knowledge audit of an Applied Cognitive Task Analysis (ACTA) were conducted with four marine pilots. This aimed to uncover functions not identified in the procedures and to obtain information on potential sources of variability. The results from the analysis highlight the change of roles between a ship’s crew and the pilot when navigational assistance is provided from shore. The preliminary results also indicate that the novel service requires means to monitor and identify potential functional resonance quickly, as the ability of the shore-based pilot to manage and control variability during the pilotage is limited.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
CRC Press , 2025. p. 167-197
Keywords [en]
Job analysis, Marine navigation, Analysis method, Functional resonance, Hierarchical task analysis, Knowledge audits, Merchant ships, Navigation support, New services, Potential sources, Processes documentation, Resonance analysis, Ships
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-225993DOI: 10.1201/9781003518167-12Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105020525677ISBN: 9781040425244 (print)ISBN: 9781003518167 (electronic)ISBN: 9781032850511 (print)ISBN: 9781032854359 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-225993DiVA, id: diva2:2082861
Available from: 2026-07-01 Created: 2026-07-01 Last updated: 2026-07-01

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Praetorius, Gesa

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • oxford
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf