In June 2022, the Swedish curriculum was revised and the school's responsibility to communicate knowledge about sexuality to pupils was emphasized. Although the field of sexuality is not new in the Swedish curriculum, teaching sexuality has gone through a significant development in its content since it first became a part of the Swedish curriculum. Now that society is becoming increasingly more digitalized and informed, new challanges follow, and perhaps it is now more important than ever that young people gain more knowledge in matters of sexuality, relationships, and consent. As an effort to meet these challanges, the National Agency for Education delegates the field of knowledge to teachers in all common subjects, including religious education (RE). With its association in cultural norms and gender identity, RE may be considered partucularly appropriate for discussing and teaching sexuality.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers of religious education percive to what degree they can contribute knowledge about sexuality in their teaching. This study also aims to find out what approaches teachers use in sexuality as a part of their religious education. This survey is a qualitative study, and the materials have been collected through semi-structured interviews with teachers in religious education in south Sweden. The study shows that teaches have positive attitudes towards including sexuality in religious education and that they find teching sexuality important. Nevertheless, it is not exactly clear for the interviewed RE teachers how and what to include regarding sexuality when teaching RE due to many difficulties that may arise. Consequently, teachers in this study describe different individually based strategies to include sexuality in their teaching, depending in personal interest and experise. 

Gender is a broad subject, which many people have differens opinions on, and many teachers find themselves discussing the topic with their pupils within the religious classroom education. The topic of gender is often brought up when discussing the religions: Islam and Christianity. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the view on gender in the Swedish religious education about Christianity and Islam through analyzing previous research material. Thereafter, this essay presents the various possibilities and obstacles found in the material, in addition to answer questions regarding how gender topics are included within religious education. To this end, three studies, as well as an anthology regaring religious didactics, are presented by analyzing the presented obstacles and possibilities that the material discusses. To put this in context, the essay provides a brief background of today's post-secular society's view on Christianity and Islam in relation to their views in gender as well as a representation of the Swedish curriculum concerning the same. The essay concludes by stating how gender ought to be included and made visible within the ordinary religious education to benefit the pupils the most. Therefore, gender should not be tought at a seperate subject, and the importance of teachers begin critical towards the existing teaching materials cannot be overstated. Wit this in mind, teachers should use the existing teaching materials by letting pupils examine their lack of inclusiveness, and to dic¡scuss their flaws. 

This article analyses how economic support and social benefits for thalidomide-affected children were negotiated and organized by both public and private actors in 1960s Sweden. Accounts from various archives are used to analyse how two different but coexisting understandings of disability - as a medical and a social problem - both influenced and underpinned not only the rehabilitation of The Swedish programme arranged for the affected children, but also the associated economic support. Contributing to a more nuanced understanding of the formation welfare solutions in the 1960s and to the intersecting research fields of the history of medicine and disability history, this article also advances our knowledge of the concept of normalization and fosters insights into how the Swedish thalidomide scandal contributed to increased economic support for both the thalidomide affected and other groups of disabled children.

This article examines the temporal rhetoric of Extinction Rebellion and Fridays For Future to discuss how the new generation of climate movement organizations offers ideas of an open future that can be acted upon. Research has shown how climate organizations create economic and social disruptions. However, as the article shows, they also create temporal disruptions. Taking theoretical inspiration from critical utopian studies, the article states that the climate activists should be understood as utilizing a disruptive utopian method that aims to disrupt the present and thereby open the future. The method relies on utopias that are relational and open, not static or absolute. Hence, the utopianism employed by these groups is not about closure and perfection, but rather about openness and offering alternatives.

During the last decades of the twentieth century, sustainable development emerged as one of the most important political concepts. However, the concept carried a temporal discrepancy as sustainability concerned continuity and persistence while development focused on change. In this article, the temporalities of the concept are put into focus to understand how the temporal tension influenced the environmental debate in the Swedish parliament, from the late 1980s to the first decade of the new millennium. During this time, the climate emerged as the most important environ-mental issue, and sustainable development became a key concept. The analysis shows how sustainable development should be considered as a composite concept, situated at the intersection of the semantic fields and temporalities of sustainability and development. The two parts have exercised various influence over the whole. For long, development constituted the dominant part while being intimately connected to ideas of progress. Sustainability was primarily given a moderating function, to control the expected progress, and to give shine to goals formulated in terms of eco-nomic growth.

It has been argued that the issue of global warming has become incorporated into a postpolitical condition that has deprived it of a proper political subject. In this article, the depoliticizing process is examined through a historical analysis of Swedish election campaigns, 1988 to 2014, a domain that traditionally features political language and politicizations. The analysis shows how the rhetoric of political parties was characterized by an increasingly universalizing language which made it problematic to name a political subject, and how the enemy of global warming was constructed as an outsider that threatened the current order. The article argues for the need to re-politicize the climate issue by understanding climate crises as social crises; that is, crises that can be properly politicized.

The relationship between time and politics is complex and multilayered, especially in issues such as global warming. This facilitates political playing with and about time; political actors use and frame time in various ways. Drawing upon the work of Reinhart Koselleck, this article examines temporal statements about the environment and the climate in Swedish election campaigns 1988 to 2018 and shows how political rhetoric has been constituted by several competing modalities of time. However, these modalities can become problematic for political thinking about the future. To resolve the climate crisis, we need a politics that acknowledges both historical and political contingency. Engaging with the past, without seeking to extrapolate a unified narrative of historical progress, explores the past from various perspectives and shows how the present is contingent. This could enable a renegotiation of possible futures and a politics for the future that facilitates both understanding and action.

This chapter evaluates Albert Pike’s Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (1871), which has become one of the most famous and notorious books about Masonry ever published, not least because of its references to Lucifer and Baphomet. While Pike was not by any definition a Satanist or a Luciferian, the ambivalent description of Lucifer in Morals and Dogma has contributed to the image of him as the primary proponent of Luciferian Masonry. Morals and Dogma is divided into thirty-two parts, each dealing with one of the degrees of the Scottish Rite, excluding the 33th. It claims to be the collected wisdom of several philosophical and mystical schools and is based upon the idea that there is a universal form of religion that transcends confessional boundaries. What distinguished Pike’s work from similar books is its very eclectic nature and the author’s frequent references to “pagan” sources.

Among the Scientologists: History, Theology, and Praxis, by Donald A. Westbrook. Oxford University Press, 2019. 332pp. Hb $45.00/£29.99. ISBN-13: 9780190664978.

The article presents the cultural reception of Old Uppsala with a focus in how it is used by contemporary Heathens. Modern Swedish Heathens see the place as spiritually significant, and there have been public blots at the site yearly since 2000. Such rituals are only ambivalently tolerated by the museum and Swedish National Heritage Board. In recent years other groups have started to use the site as well and it has also been used by a variety of smaller shamanistic groups. For Heathens, the place a sacred area, representing the last significant religious site for pre-Christian Norse religion and resistance to Christianization. I argue that Old Uppsala lies at the center of Swedens often complicated relationship with its own history. Its story follows broader cultural trends connected to national identity and when modern Heathens enter the scene, they become a part of this larger debate. The article will look at how the museum presents the Viking age and how their presentations both work with and in opposition to Heathen constructions about Viking age religion.

The article focuses on how a nineteenth-century Swedish nationalistic movement, Göthicism, understood masculinity. The primary example used is Manhemsförbundet (the Manhem Society), an initiatory and educational organization active between 1815–1823. Most of its material was produced by the author Carl Jonas Love Almqvist (1793–1866). The society was at the center of cultural trends and debates in Sweden, notably those about education and how young males can best be of service to the nation. Göthicism and the Manhem Society urged Swedes to look inwards and develop their own national character, arguing that foreign influences made Sweden decadent and weak. Göthicism then sought answers to Sweden’s problems in the pre-Christian past. The Manhem Society attempted to further put Göthicism into practice. The Society developed a structure similar to freemasonry with degrees based on Old Norse mythology, where the candidate was to follow a mythical narrative of the story of Baldur that led from darkness to light. The degrees also included physical training and exercises to shape a manly character. The article argues that the initiations of the Manhem Society were used to create a form of masculinity that was an expression of middle-class ideals about character.

Rune yoga is a spiritual practice based on the idea that the Runic alphabet can be used for spiritual and magical purposes. Based on an interpretation of the Runes where every letter in the alphabet is considered to contain within it a source of mystical powers Rune Yoga uses techniques inspired by Indian yoga to channel these forces. While contemporary Rune Yoga has become a part of Heathen and Alternative Spirituality that attracts people from a variety of Ethnic background the origin of the practice lies within the Ariosophical movement, a racial form of Esotericism that developed in Germany and Austria in the early 20th century. In this article the origin of Rune Yoga within the Ariosphical movement is presented, how it was integrated in ideas about Aryan racial supremacy. The article continues to show how Rune Yoga later migrated to North America and became a practice used within a non-racial milieu and what aspects remained from the original Ariosophical movement. The article argues that while some aspects of Ariosophical thinking remains within Rune Yoga the racial aspects have ceased to be important. Rather than focusing on race modern Rune Yoga focus in self-improvement for the individual and there is a lack of collectivist goals.

This chapter focuses on the British Satanic organization called the Order of the Nine Angles (ONA), one of the most controversial and infamous Satanic groups of the twentieth century. In contrast to most forms of Satanism, ONA texts include references to and advocacy of certain criminal actions to further the group’s end game. Most controversial are the references to human sacrifice, and the question of whether these are to be taken literally has been much debated. The chapter then considers The Black Book of Satan (1984), which is seemingly an early introduction to the ONA’s version of Satanism and what the organization defines as the “Sinister Way.” It looks at three excerpts from the book: “the 21 Satanic points,” “What is Satanism?,” and one of the ONA’s versions of the Black Mass.

This chapter discusses the Process Church of the Final Judgement, an apocalyptic organization founded by Robert DeGrimston and Mary Anne DeGrimston, active primarily in California during the 1960s and 1970s. Focused on the idea of a unity between the gods of the universe (Jehovah, Lucifer, Satan, and Christ), the Process Church developed a highly original form of theology. Becoming manifest in the counter-cultural milieu of the 1960s, it combined Satanism with Christian apocalypticism and ideas derived from Scientology. The chapter then looks at two texts that were distributed internally within the Process Church: “The Gods on War” (1967) and “The Gods and Their People” (1970). These texts express the foundational beliefs of the Process Church, each of the gods being offered their own chapter explaining their nature and the nature of their followers.

This chapter studies The Satanic Temple (TST), which has emerged as one of the most important movements in the history of Satanism. Penned by Lucien Greaves, the national spokesperson for TST in the United States, “Church of Satan vs. Satanic Temple” (2017) presents what Greaves perceives as the essential differences between TST and LaVey’s Church of Satan. Constructing the Church of Satan as a sort of negative “other,” contrasted with TST’s own brand of Satanism, the text serves as an illustrative example of TST’s self-image and presentation vis-à-vis other forms of Satanism. In contrast to the Church of Satan, TST makes limited references to Satan as a symbol for earthly pleasure or egotism. Instead, Satan is presented as a Promethean character, fighting on behalf of the oppressed. While TST does not align itself with any political ideology, its written material, terminology, and symbols frequently reference leftist thought and activism.

In 2020 the first season of Tony McNamara's period drama The Great was released for streaming on Hulu and quickly became popular among international audiences. Based on the events surrounding Catherine the Great's accession to the Russian throne, The Great has been praised as a taboo-breaking dark comedy. The present review will problematise the show's narrative and argue that while The Great indeed had a great potential, it failed to offer any original interpretations of Catherine's personality, accession to power, and her subsequent rule. 

En arkitekt betraktar inte sällan sitt hem som en experimentverkstad, en möjlighet att i full skala omsätta sina egna idéer kring arkitektur och boende, utan att behöva kompromissa med en beställare. Det finns en rad rikt illustrerade s.k. coffee table-böcker som visar upp ansedda arkitekters hem, men anmärkningsvärt lite forskning kring detta ur ett kritiskt eller teoretiskt perspektiv. I den här artikeln belyser arkitekturhistoriker Anna Ingemark hur en av modernismens mest inflytelserika arkitekter, Le Corbusier, själv valde att iscensätta sitt liv. Genom att se närmare på ett par av hans egenritade bostäder får man en inblick i en mer personlig sfär – långt ifrån de grandiosa projekt eller radikala visioner han lanserade – och vilka drömmar han kom att förverkliga. De bärande exemplen är våningen på Rue Nungusser-et-Coli i Paris från 1934 samt fritidshuset Le Cabanon på Riverian som uppfördes 1952. I Le Corbusiers fall finns det dessutom ett unikt material i form av egna utsagor, vilka bidrar till förståelsen för hans uppfattning om hem och boende. Ingemark tar avstamp i följande frågor: Hur ser relationen ut mellan den arkitektursyn Le Corbusier förespråkade och utformningen av det egna boendet? Hur kom hans idéer till uttryck visuellt och materiellt? Vilka kvaliteter var i fokus? Och vad fyllde hans hem för funktion – var det en kreativ fristad, en fullskalig modell av modernismens idealbostad eller en iscensättning av en radikal arkitekts persona?

Kapitlet diskuterar en av de förmågor som historieämnet enligt Grundskolans kursplan (Lgr 22) ska utveckla hos eleverna: förmågan att reflektera över hur historia kan brukas i olika sammanhang och för olika syften.

Texten diskuterar hur teoretiska begrepp kan användas i historiedidaktiska studier. Relationen mellan fråga och teori behandlas. Genus, historiskt tänkande, historiemedvetande och haptik tas upp som exempel på hur begrepp kan hjälpa till att formulera principiella perspektiv på empirin och härigenom göra resultaten mer meningsfulla.

Debattartikel som argumenterar för att Linköpings kommun måste öka bidraget till Linköpings föreningsarkiv, så att arkivet kan fortsätta hålla öppet för besökare såsom studenter, forskare och andra medborgare.

Inledning till antologi som ger inramning samt kortfattat beskriver de följande bidragen.

Hösten 2022 hölls De Svenska Historiedagarna i Uppsala - universitetsstaden, ärkesätet, industristaden och mycket annat. Här publiceras sex föredrag från konferensen. Texterna berör vitt skilda ämnen som barnamord, verklighetens Ulla Winblad, det svenska ståndssamhället, tvåkammarriksdagen, giftermålets sociala gränser och den akademiska jurisdiktionen. Samtidigt belyser alla bidragen frågor om sociala hierarkier, inflytande, underordning och makt, vilket varit centrala perspektiv inom historisk forskning under senare år.

This dissertation examines how Jewish and non-Jewish Polish survivors of Nazi persecution who came to Sweden in 1945 as ‘repatriates’ and were associated with the Polish Research Institute in Lund, Sweden (PIZ) were engaged in transnational social and political processes during the early postwar period, including documenting Nazi persecution and contributing to postwar humanitarian and justice efforts. PIZ, a transnational initiative that documented the experiences of Polish survivors of Nazi persecution for history and justice in 1945 and 1946, was one of the few such initiatives undertaken by survivors who were refugees in a country not directly involved in the Second World War. It is also noteworthy as one of the few survivor historical commissions of the early postwar period that involved and documented both Jewish and non-Jewish survivors and their experiences. The dissertation examines some of the specific ways the survivors contributed to social and political processes taking place in the postwar period; what role the survivors’ vulnerability, agency, and various forms of structural support had in their activities and efforts; and what part gender and other differences played in the actions of the survivors and continue to play in their discursive and historiographical interpretations and constructions. The findings demonstrate how the Polish survivors associated with PIZ, although living in Sweden in layered states of precarity and vulnerability, deployed their past activism and networks of resistance and support, and applied their knowledge, ethics, and practical strategies to improve their conditions and pursue justice. In doing so, this dissertation contributes new insight that begins to fill gaps in existing Swedish and international research on the Second World War and Holocaust, survivor historical commissions and documentation centers, displaced persons in the postwar era, post-conflict relations between Jewish and non-Jewish Poles, migrant knowledge, and postwar humanitarian and justice efforts. 

Robert Kochs upptäckt av Mycobacterium tuberculosis år 1882 var startpunkten till en ny tidsålder när det gäller behandling av tuberkulos. Snart lanserade han även tuberkulin som ett vaccin eller läkemedel mot tuberkolos. Hur reagerade svenska läkare på de nya rönen?

This essay explores how an image can be shaped and influenced by several different interests, motives, and schools of thought. The work getting analysed is Till minnet av en älv by Anja Örn. It contains video art, sculptures, and text with a number of different frameworks and references.In the background descriptions made, concepts such as ecofeminism and Anthropocene play a role. The essay also touches upon industrial history and cultural heritage which lifts the interesting question of who's history is being written.It's about how our shared memories are shaped in relationship to the landscape, and who gets represented when these memories are transferred to the next generation.

Den praktiska ämnesdidaktik som projektet fokuserat på var en virtuell praktik, en lärarledd simuleringsundervisning med fem virtuella elever. Träningen på att undervisa de virtuella eleverna följdes av återkoppling som gavs av en ämnesdidaktiker i historia och en i samhällskunskap. Den virtuella praktiken bakades in som ett obligatoriskt moment i två campusförlagda kurser för blivande ämneslärare, i historia respektive samhällskunskap.

This article explores the trends and developments in Swedish history education research, especially from the perspective of what empirical materials have formed the basis for research. Systematic searches in the Swepub and ERIC databases and a Swedish printed bibliography have resulted in a large corpus of publications that forms the central empirical materials analysed.Theoretically, the concepts “knowledge actor” and “knowledge institution” are used to achieve analytical precision. Based on the empirical materials used in research, the article proposes that the history of Swedish history education research be divided into five periods. During the first period (1960–1976) studies were based on printed sources such as textbooks and curriculum materials. In the second period (1977–1997), coinciding with the integration of teacher training into Swedish universities and the establishment of Nordic and international researcher networks in history education, there were studies using methods such as classroom observations and interviews. In the next period (1998–2006) significant interest was shown in the societal function of history which led to studies of the public uses of the past. These studies were often based on various new types of printed materials, such as political and cultural sources. The great expansion of history education research in Sweden (2007–2014) followed a number of political initiatives that provided funds to develop research connected to the educational sector. Swedish historians were successful in securing state funding, which led to the establishment of four graduate schools, resulting in a large number of studies that focussed on history teaching and learning. Many of these studies were based on interviews with history teachers. In the final period (2015–2021), a more mature history education research has manifested itself in both books and peer­ reviewed articles in international journals. The peer ­reviewed articles report on studies based on a multitude of sources. One major category is the history education theory articles, which are not based on traditional empirical source materials, but rather attempt to discuss theoretical concepts and models. Taken as a whole, the empirical basis for Swedish history education research has strands of both continuity and change. Continuously, for sixty years Swedish researchers in history education have made use of written and printed source materials. However, around 2010 there was a shift leading to big efforts in investigating the history classroom, largely building on interviews, observations, and to a small extent also on design­based studies. In terms of knowledge actors, the most influential research leaders in the field have been historians. In terms of knowledge institutions, a majority of the researchers have had their base in university institutions.